20 / 20
The OUTER MARKER of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) facility transmits on a frequency of:
  • A
    300 MHz and is modulated by morse at two dashes per second
  • B
    75 MHz and is modulated by alternate dot/dash in morse
  • C
    75 MHz and is modulated by morse at two dashes per second
  • D
    200 MHz and is modulated by alternate dot/dash in morse

The Outer Marker, Middle Marker and Inner Marker all emit an amplitude-modulated, horizontally-polarised signal. The beacons operate at a 75 MHz carrier frequency.

Outer Marker (OM). To provide height, distance and equipment function checks for aircraft on final approach.

  • Aural identification: a 400 Hz low-pitch tone keyed in a form of 2 dashes per second (“- - - -“).
  • Visual representation (lights): Blue

Middle Marker (MM). Indicated the imminence of transition to visual guidance. Often defines the decision point.

  • Aural identification: a 1 300 Hz medium-pitch tone keyed in a form of alternating dots and dashes with 3 dashes per second (“-.-.-.-“)
  • Visual representation (lights): Amber

Inner Marker (IM). Indicates the imminence of arrival above the threshold.

  • Aural identification: a 3 000 Hz tone keyed continuous dots at a rate of 6 dots per second (“. . . . . . “).
  • Visual representation (lights): White.

Your Notes (not visible to others)



This question has appeared on the real examination, you can find the related countries below.

Keyboard Shortcut Use Keyboard Shortcuts